Architect Desirée Martínez's presentation focused on the Tezcotzingo System, highlighting it as a key component for the sustainability of the Anáhuac region or Basin of Mexico. Her talk provided a detailed view of how this system integrated hydraulic engineering, agriculture, and landscape design in an innovative and sustainable manner. Martínez began by explaining how the Tezcotzingo System channeled water from the springs of the Sierra Nevada through a complex system of agricultural terraces. She precisely described how topographical obstacles were overcome by constructing dikes and canals, allowing water to flow for 12 kilometers until it reached the Tezcotzingo Hill collector. The landscape architect emphasized the efficiency of the terrace system, comparing it to similar systems in Asia. She explained how these terraces not only maximized water use but also prevented erosion and enabled the cultivation of a variety of foods using the milpa technique, a polyculture system including maize, beans, and squash. A fascinating aspect of the presentation was the description of how this system integrated with other farming methods in the Basin of Mexico, such as chinampas. Martínez illustrated how these combined techniques allowed for diverse and sustainable agricultural production capable of feeding a large population. The architect also addressed the aesthetic aspect of the Tezcotzingo System. She described how Nezahualcóyotl incorporated natural elements like waterfalls and pools into the design, creating not only a functional system but also a space of great beauty. Martínez argued that this integration of functionality and aesthetics is a principle that we could apply in our modern urban designs. Martínez concluded her presentation by reflecting on how the design and resource management principles of the Tezcotzingo System can inform our current sustainability practices. She emphasized the importance of adopting holistic approaches that integrate human needs with respect for natural ecosystems. This talk not only revealed the brilliance of Nezahualcóyotl's design but also demonstrated how solutions from the past can provide valuable inspiration for addressing current sustainability challenges. Martínez's presentation reinforced the central idea of the webinar: that ancestral knowledge, combined with modern innovation, can be key to creating a more sustainable future.
